Evaluation of the immune-modulatory effect of some probiotics in Oreochromis niloticus

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1 Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

2 Animal Health Research Institute, Damnhur

Abstract

Fish diseases exposed to different microbial pathogens are intensively treated with antibiotics. Improved response against infectious diseases can be achieved by the use of probiotics as a new alternative method of disease control and by reducing the massive use of antibiotics. Evaluation of the biochemical, immune-modulatory, and pathological effects of dietary probiotics on O. niloticus has been studied. O. niloticus received a diet supplemented with a mixture of Lactobacillus and Pediococcus and showed a significant increase in the in vitro phagocytic activity, serum lysozomal, bactericidal activity, total protein, and globulin levels. Significant increase in antibody titration against Aeromonas hydrophila with a significant decrease in serum albumin, albumin/globulin ratio, cortisol hormone levels, and bacterial counts in the gastrointestinal tract of O. niloticus received Lactobacillus & Pediococcus compared with Saccharomyces cerevisiae treated groups was also detected. The histopathological examination confirmed that probiotics have protective effect to liver and kidney tissues under Aeromonas hydrophila infection. It could be concluded that Lactobacillus and Pediococcus are the better strains for aquaculture in this study. These strains provide a great potential to increasing the sustainability and efficiency of aquaculture production.

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