PREVALENCE OF CAMEL BRUCELLOSIS USING DIFFERENT SEROLOGICAL TESTS

Authors

1 Dept. of Vet. Med., Faculty of Vet. Med., Cairo University.

2 Serum and Vaccine research Institute, Abassia, Cairo.

3 Dept. of Police Hagana, Ministry of Interior.

Abstract

Brucellosis in camels is a serious disease that causes economic losses beside its importance as a public health hazard (Higgins, 1963; Rutter and Mack, 1963 and Wilson, 1984). According to the FAO/WHO animal health year book (1961), brucellosis in camels has not been recorded till that time in Morocco, Egypt, Sudan and other countries in Africa. Later on, camel brucellosis was recorded in Egypt by many authors with variable incidence as 10.92% by Hamada et al. (1963), 2% by El-Nahas (1964) and 14.2% by Ayoub et al. (1978) using tube agglutination test. Further studies were carried out by Fayed et al. (1982), who reported positive incidence of 5.6%, 6.6% and 8.3% using Rose Bengal, tube agglutination and Complement fixation tests respectively and by Zaghloul and Kamel (1985), who reported that 3 out of 37 camels were found to be positive to both Rose Bengal and tube agglutination tests. However, no data are available about the prevalence of the disease among camels kept in contact with other farm animals as most of the previously mentioned studies were carried out on camels kept without contact with other animal species. Eradication of brucellosis from different animal species in Egypt is of national importance. Studying brucellosis in groups of camels kept alone and in contact with other animals is of almost importance to clarify the epidemiological role of camels in spreading the disease in Egypt. In this work, a trial was made to ascertain the prevalence of brucellosis in two groups of camels; one was kept in closed farms (Police Hagana Troops) and the other was raised in contact with other species of animals using different serological tests. The adsorption method was carried out in order to abolish the non-specific reactivity encountered in camel sera (Sunaga et al., 1983). Serological retesting of the samples was applied after adsorption.

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