Multidirectional fashion of immune response induced by fowl pox vaccine co-administered with inactivated AI-ND vaccine

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza-Egypt.

2 Department of Immunology, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki-Egypt.

3 Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University Sadate city- Egypt.

4 Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza-Egypt

Abstract

 In the present study, the immune stimulatory effect of poxvirus vaccine on the humoral and cellular immune response to AI- ND inactivated vaccine was assessed. Three groups of commercial broiler chicken were treated as follows: 1. group 1 was kept non- vaccinated as control birds. 2. Group 2 was vaccinated at 10 days old with inactivated Al- ND vaccine (H5N2) and co-injected S/C with foul pox vaccine. 3. Group 3 was vaccinated at 10 days old with Al-ND vaccine. The chickens were challenged with VVNDV 4 weeks post vaccination to determine the protection induced in different groups.
Humoral and cellular immune response of the chickens were monitored on weekly base by different assays including nitric oxide, lysozyme activity, phagocytic activity, and HI. The results revealed 100% protection, significant increase in phagocytic activity of macrophage, increased serum lysozyme in chicken co-administered the fowl pox with Al- ND vaccine compared to those vaccinated only with Al-ND vaccine (80%) or the non vaccinated control birds (0%).
The results of the experiment clearly demonstrated the immune stimulatory effect of fowl pox vaccine on the immune response to AI-ND vaccine confirming the complex antigen specific effect of poxvirus with differential synergy of such response based on the order of administration when given as primary. This study reports the useful use of poxvirus as primary live replicating virus and its stimulatory effect on the specific immune response of the boosting antigens in order with widely divergent level of immunity. Also, the study emphasizes the importance of using poxvirus in the prime-boost concept.

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