Dynamic expression pattern of genes related to implantation and vascularization in pregnant dromedary camels

Adel, Ola; Ibrahim, Sally; Mahmoud, Karima; Galal, Samaa; Fathi, Mohamed; Seida, Adel

doi:10.21608/vmjg.2022.219889

Dynamic expression pattern of genes related to implantation and vascularization in pregnant dromedary camels

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt

² Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt

³ Animal Reproduction &amp; Artificial insemination Department, National Research Centre. 33 El-Buhouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt

10.21608/vmjg.2022.219889

Abstract

Pregnancy is a complex process that requires critical events such as successful implantation of embryo into the receptive endometrium as well as placental vascularization. In the current study we investigated the expression pattern of genes related to implantation and placental formation as insulin like growth factor (IGF1), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), FOS and JUN protooncogenes in pregnant compared to non-pregnant she-camels. For this, 30 genital tracts of she camels (15 non-pregnant and 15 pregnant) as well as blood samples were collected from slaughterhouses. Uterine tissues of she camel after slaughter were divided into two portions; the first portion was used for RNA extraction and genes expression, while the second portion was immediately fixed in 10% neutral buffer formalin for histological examination. Serum progesterone level was measured between the two groups. The results revealed that, the IGF1, VEGFA, c-FOS and c-JUN mRNAs were up-regulated (P<0.001) in the pregnant group compared to non-pregnant ones. Also, progesterone was higher (P<0.001) in pregnant group than those obtained in non-pregnant. Histological examination of the uterine tissue of pregnant she-camel showed uterine mucosa with more glands, less fibrous stroma, and increased number of blood vessels compared to non-pregnant. In conclusion, the tight regulation of genes (IGF1, VEGFA, FOS and JUN) related to endometrial receptivity and placental formation is essential for embryonic implantation in pregnant she-camel.

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